家畜性别控制的研究进展

对家畜性别决定机理、受精前的性别控制技术、受精后的胚胎性别鉴定技术以及今后性别控制技术的前景和趋势等方面进行了分析讨论,旨在为科研工作者和畜牧生产者提供参考.     

新型生物有机肥(NAEF)对番茄生长及土壤活性质量效应研究

应用盆栽试验研究了新型生物有机肥(NAEF)对番茄生长发育、产量及土壤活性质量等方面的作用效果。结果表明,NAEF能够明显提高番茄幼苗质量和促进后期生长发育,具有显著的增产效果,并能够不同程度的增加土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,增强脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶及过氧化氢酶活性。     

干旱对玉米穗发育及产量的影响

干旱作为影响玉米产量的环境因素之首,对玉米植株形态、物质积累、生理作用、性器官发育等方面产生影响,最终降低穗粒数、粒重,导致产量降低。以雌雄穗发育为研究重点,本文综述了不同时期干旱对雌雄穗性状及开花吐丝间隔期的影响。玉米开花前遭遇干旱,延缓雌雄穗发育进程,减少分化小花数,增加籽粒败育,导致穗粒数降低;抽雄吐丝期间遭遇干旱,导致雄穗抽出困难、吐丝延迟,使开花吐丝间隔期拉长,严重时导致花粉、花丝超微结构发生改变,影响玉米授粉、受精过程,最终导致秃尖形成,穗粒数降低;灌浆期遭遇干旱导致叶片早衰,光合产物积累不足,籽粒灌浆受阻,粒重降低,最终均会导致产量下降。从源库关系角度分析,玉米灌浆期前干旱导致玉米产量降低的主要原因是穗粒数降低导致的库强不足;而灌浆期干旱主要是叶片早衰等营养器官发育受阻,限制同化物的积累及转运,此时源不足限制了产量的增加。     

机敏漏斗蛛生物学特性观察研究

机敏漏斗蛛（Aqelena difficilis）,在山东省日照市沿海地区1年发生1代,以不同的若蛛在林下杂草、枯枝落叶丛、石块下越冬。翌年4月上旬出蛰活动,若蛛经8龄,6月下旬发育至成蛛,7月上旬开始交配,8月上旬开始产卵,孵化若蛛,10月下旬开始越冬。卵期10.4天,成蛛期69天。雌雄比4：1,是多种害虫的重要天敌。该蛛发生与海拔、农药、天敌、风雨等外界因子关系密切。封山育林,严禁放牧、烧荒,禁用化学农药,是保护成若蛛、扩大繁殖的关键。     

松阿扁叶蜂生物学特性及防治技术研究

松阿扁叶蜂是目前商洛市油松林重要食叶害虫,严重威胁油松林的生长发育。定点研究了其生物学特性、发生危害规律,开展了防治试验。松阿扁叶蜂在商洛林区1年发生1代,由幼虫越冬。其危害油松纯林重于混交林;立地条件较好的油松林分重于立地条件差的林分。喷施森得保粉剂（2.25 kg/hm2）、1.2%苦.烟乳油1 000~1 200倍液、3%高渗苯氧威乳油3 500~4 500倍液均可取得良好防效。     

论古籍损坏的环境因素及其防治

阐述了古籍特藏库房环境因素对古籍保存的影响,及有害生物发生的条件,探讨抑制或阻止有害生物危害古籍最有效的措施。并就如何应用现代技术发展保护传统技术,更好的传承古籍保护工作提出个人看法。     

Tree identity surpasses tree diversity in affecting the community structure of oribatid mites (Oribatida) of deciduous temperate forests

The role of tree diversity and identity as determinants of soil animal community structure is little understood. In a mature deciduous forest dominated by beech we identified clusters of one, two and three tree species of beech, ash and lime allowing to investigate the role of tree species diversity and identity on the density and community structure of oribatid mites. To relate oribatid mite community structure to environmental factors we measured leaf litter input, fine root biomass, mass of organic layers, topsoil pH and C and N content. We expected oribatid mite density to increase with increasing tree diversity, but we expected the effects of tree species identity to override effects of tree diversity. Further, we hypothesized the density of oribatid mites to be reduced by the presence of beech but increased by the presence of lime and ash. As expected tree diversity little affected oribatid mite communities, whereas tree species identity strongly altered density and community structure of oribatid mites. However, in contrast to our expectations the density of oribatid mites was highest in presence of beech indicating that many oribatid mite species benefit from the presence of recalcitrant litter forming thick organic layers. Especially Oppioidea benefited from the presence of beech presumably due to an increased availability of food resources such as fungi and nematodes. Lower density of oribatid mites in monospecific clusters of lime and ash suggests that oribatid mites did not benefit from high quality litter of these species. Notably, large and strongly sclerotized oribatid mite species, such as Steganacarus magnus and Chamobates voigtsi, benefited from the presence of ash and lime. Presumably, these large species better resist harsh microclimatic conditions in shallow organic layers.     

Characteristics of Reproductive Biology for Larix Originating in Japan

SpeciesandDistributionofLarchThereare15specicsofLarixintheworld.Theymainlydistributeinthefrigid-te11lperatezo11coftI1eNortl1cr11Hclnispllcrcandtl1cH'-Jt,asinCI1ina.Tl1crearconI\'.onesPCCiesa11dOI1c.-'.rLtntrtvI1iclldistributci11Japan,l1all1cIy-Japa11cseIarcl1(Larirk'len1liferiCarr.)a11dDahurianlarcl1(LarirgIneli)1iivar../al)o11i`xIPiIgcr).JapaIlcscIarcl1distributcsi11al1arrotvarca.OI1l}'i11tIlcalpil1cinHOI1sllu.Tl1cnortl1ofl1orizol1taldistributionisi11MiyaglCouIll}'(alt.l56511…     

哺乳牦牛同期发情/定时授精技术试验研究

本研究旨在对不同繁殖体况的母牦牛在补饲的基础上,分别从营养、隔离断奶、激素选择考察影响母牦牛繁殖率及同期发情处理效果。选用青海省环湖地区480头5～10岁繁殖体况不同的母牦牛,按照试验要求将母牦牛分成不同的试验组别,采用相同的同期发情处理方案,通过不同程度的补饲,补饲组与对照组的排卵率和妊娠率对比差异显著（P〈0.05...